A 21-year-old woman had a long term etonogestrel rod implanted 5 months ago. She endorses
depression and mood swings, vaginal candida, and bacterial infections since insertion. The only
supplement use is a multivitamin daily. She has no prescribed medications and no medical
problems. Her family history is noncontributory. Her fasting glucose is 100 mg/dL. She no
longer has irritation at the insertion site.
1. Address the link between hormonal fluctuations and emotions.
2. Address whether there is an “onset” period after insertion of long-term contraceptives.
3. Address whether this form of medication is associated with “infections.”