Marisa Fabiani 10/2/2021
Education 208 Dorthey Hartigan
My experience as a student has been very difficult. I was diagnosed with ADD in elementary school and have difficulty staying focused, which I still have trouble with within college and just in general. I used to take OT and speech therapy. I used to have trouble speaking, such as stuttering and not being able to say certain words. I had no self-control and still have trouble to this day. I also have trouble staying organized and being able to keep up in classrooms when in elementary school through college. But I started taking medication and having therapy, which really helped me stay focused and work on getting good grades and passing. In college, I have special accommodation, but I strongly believe I can work without it.
I believe in the theory of Progressivism. When I became a teacher aid, I would use the philosophy of Progressivism in the classroom I am assisting in by making the lessons, etc… interesting, by observing and asking simple questions that kindergarten children will be able to understand and answer. I would incorporate it into my activities. Teachers believe that students learn best from what they consider most relevant in their lives, so they base their curricula on the needs, experiences, interests, and abilities of students. Teachers and teacher aids promote collaboration using group activities and problem-solving to focus on them, not the content or the teacher. Everything is based on experience. I believe that we live in a society today where everyone has a story to tell or an experience that makes their life significantly. My classroom is going to be full of students who have their own stories to tell. Progressive education lets them use their past experiences to help them learn, but also lets them experience learning as it is happening. To create ongoing projects The ongoing project plays an essential role in promoting mastery. Integrate technology, replace homework with engaging in-class activities; eliminate rules and consequences, and involve students in evaluation. Progressivism evaluation progressivism evaluation. Progressivism seems to have a foundation of equity and diversity. All students’ learning needs are considered. It provides a feeling of community in the classroom because it focuses on the student as a whole child, going beyond educational needs. So not only are the intellectual demands of the student considered; but there are also opportunities to engage all parts of the student’s development. For example, elementary schools offer music, art, drama, and recreation. Middle schools offer opportunities for students to meet the needs of their stage of life. High schools offer more programs of study, such as vocational, commercial, academic, and general. Every school offers further growth and development through extracurricular activities, as well as healthcare and social services for physical and emotional health. John health. John Dewey believed that education should be based on respect for diversity. This meant respecting each student’s cultural identities, abilities, talents, needs, and interests while involving them in engaging activities. Progressivists believe in an open-minded atmosphere that encourages students to think critically about their environment and their educational materials. Children cannot learn the same thing in the same way at the same time. Each student should recognize their own abilities, needs, ideas, interests, and cultural identity. Students are educated to achieve cultural uniformity and to become educated, not critical, citizens. Progressive schools value diversity of thought and culture and a commitment to equity and justice. An example of a progressive school is the Lowell School in Washington, D.C. The school values diversity, equity, and inclusion. Its mission and philosophy is to give students and adults the tools needed to thrive in a multicultural world.
Progressivism seems to have a foundation of equity and diversity. All students’ learning needs are considered. It provides a feeling of community in the classroom because it focuses on the student as a whole child, going beyond educational needs. So not only are the intellectual demands of the student considered but there are also opportunities to engage all parts of the student’s development. For example, elementary schools offer music, art, drama, and recreation. Middle schools offer opportunities for students to meet the needs of their stage of life. High schools offer more programs of study, such as vocational, commercial, academic, and general. Every school offers further growth and development through extracurricular activities, as well as healthcare and social services for physical and emotional health.
John Dewey believed that education should be based on respect for diversity. This meant respecting each student’s cultural identities, abilities, talents, needs, and interests while involving them in engaging activities. Progressivists believe in an open-minded atmosphere that encourages students to think critically about their environment and their educational materials. Children cannot learn the same thing in the same way at the same time. Each student should recognize their own abilities, needs, ideas, interests, and cultural identity. Students are educated to achieve cultural uniformity and to become educated, not critical, citizens. Progressive schools value diversity of thought and culture and a commitment to equity and justice. An example of a progressive school is the Lowell School in Washington, D.C. The school values diversity, equity, and inclusion. Its mission and philosophy are to give students and adults the tools needed to thrive in a multicultural world.
Since I would like to use progressivism in my learning philosophy, the curriculum would be built around the personal experiences, interests, and needs of the students, centered on education focused on the interests of the child, the encouragement of the students to take an active role in the class discussions as well as group projects, The curriculum also demands the patience of the teacher, who must not be strict as well as stay aloof. As a result, when students test ideas through active experimentation, they feel more at ease and successful. The student is a problem solver and a thinker. The curriculum should be based on each child’s interests. Progressivism assessment means that evidence of the student’s learning is being collected throughout the whole course. Clearly, the point of progressive assessment is to diversify the evidence over time and not to depend on a single final piece of assessment. So, necessarily, some evidence has been collected earlier those educators should teach children how to think rather than rely on rote memorization. The use of an integrated curriculum so that students learn by forging connections between concepts and ideas across different disciplinary boundaries. When students apply the knowledge, they have gained in one discipline to a different discipline, it deepens their understanding of a concept by looking at its real-world applications. In order to share how each student is doing in the class, I would make progress reports, have meetings, talk to the parents when they drop the child off or pick their child up, if not, write messages, have a notebook that goes back and forth, etc. The pedology of progressivism I would like to apply in the classroom would be to let the child experiment, trial, and error.
ARTICLE 1
John Dewey founded the theory of Progressivism. Dewey strongly believed that education should be based on the principle of learning through daily activities in everyday life and action. Dewey disagreed that the old way of teaching, where students sat in rows, memorizing and reciting, was antiquated. Students should be active, not passive. They require compelling and relevant projects, not lectures. Students should be problem solvers. Using the tactic of fear should motivate them instead of using the tactic of interest. They should not be controlled. John Dewey pushed that general education in elementary schools, as well as middle and high schools, should be based on each child’s social experiences in their everyday lives. Teaching the traditional way only increases closed-mindedness. Dewey firmly believed that experiences between the child and their environment created progressivism and that the student tries to understand experimental learning. A few major components of progressivism are problem-solving and educative experience. Students should view knowledge as teachers help more with the process of scientific discovery. Democracy played a major part in John Dewey’s belief in progressivism in education. Dewey thought that bureaucracy being used instead of focusing on the child’s needs caused each student to feel trapped and lose interest in learning. In 2002, John banned the lack of due process when many college professors were dismissed. Dewey and Arthur Lovejoy created the American Association of University Professors to protect and save academic freedom.
There were many critiques of professionalism being used in education. For example, Jack Dougherty firmly believes that progressive education strained experience at the expense of inherited education, for example, human nature and fulfillment. Another critique would be that when new social needs are being demonstrated, it can complicate strategies and questions about progressivism. It is also believed that Dewey’s belief in progressivism leads to the decline of intellect and morals; that education is only focused on utilitarianism. It was a progressive doctrine historically, principally because of its universal scope—its insistence that everyone’s happiness matters—and its egalitarian conception of impartiality—its insistence that everyone’s happiness matters equally. Progressive educators decline to look at the results of their methods. Instead, they elevate those methods into objects of near-religious veneration and stress methods at the expense of knowledge of the subject matter. It is believed that progressivism does not take into account that the lower classes of people have limited abilities to understand social transformation and come to realize that democracy isn’t for everyone. The concentration of power in the hands of a centralized authority becomes a tool that can be used and, more often than not, abused by whoever is in power at the time. “Equality” and “fairness” being entirely subjective terms, the want of these can be, and generally is, pursued at the expense of other values, such as individual liberty.
Progressive education is important to use in schools because it encourages students to learn by doing, encourages them to follow their own curiosity, focuses on learning outcomes, develops intrinsic motivation, and prepares students for participation in the real world. It can help with collaboration and perspective talking, focusing on the whole child’s social and emotional needs, strengths, and challenges. With an eye towards preparing students for their next milestone, it helps nurture relationships, critical thinking, and compassion. But most importantly, learning occurs in a caring, safe, and empowering setting. The outcome would be students become confident in themselves, their abilities, and find a sense of belonging that they carry with them upon graduation. Based on the journal article When using progressivism in education, flipping the classroom makes it more interactive, whereas the teacher acts more as a guide for students to want to participate and apply the activities, etc. in their classroom experiences. My philosophy of education is based largely on the belief that lessons must be relevant to the students in order for them to learn. This philosophy is known as progressivism. The curriculum of progressivism is built around the personal experiences, interests, and needs of the students. I strongly believe that education should focus on the whole child, rather than on the lesson, I learned that the main ideas of teaching progressivism in education should be child-centered, the curriculum should be derived from students’ interests, effective teaching takes into account the whole child, learning is active, not passive, and knowledge that is true in the present may not be true in the future, so students need to be taught problem-solving strategies.
ARTICLE 2
Dewey’s ideas grew into the idea of progressive education. Traditional education is familiar to educators and students and provides a good transition from elementary to middle, high, and college. Traditional education is rigidly structured and focuses on developing productive workers. It can stifle creativity and individuality. Today, progressivism means teaching students how to learn. It means teaching them the skills they need to learn any subject, encouraging self-directed learning by students, and promoting values of community, cooperation, tolerance, justice, and democratic equality. By the 1950s, the progressive approach to education had become the dominant language of American education, and the dominant ideology within educational schools. To today’s educational reformers, education schools look less like the solution than the problem. The education school chose to keep faith with Dewey, a cluster of overlapping and competing tendencies. The history of education in the twentieth century was won by Edward L. Thorndike, and the pedagogical progressives were lost. A benefit of progressive education is that it allows students to pursue their passions through hands-on projects, experiments, and collaboration with peers. Proponents of progressive education believe that it gives students a reason to love learning and can improve their critical thinking skills outside of the classroom. Teachers looking to further their careers can learn about various educational styles by choosing from American University’s EdD program. The struggle between two factions of the movement for progressive education in the early twentieth century. The academics who teach in schools of education were caught in the middle of this dispute and became pedagogical progressives. The focus of the school is on learning by doing, with a strong emphasis on problem-solving, critical thinking, and group work. John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau made the assumption that knowledge and truth would be gathered from observation and experience rather than the manipulation of accepted or given ideas. Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi was another forerunner to progressive education, and his psychological theories focused on the development of object teaching and the role of an educator in guiding their students through their learning. The American public school system started in the 1880s and was transformed by the “Progressive Education Movement,”, led by John Dewey, who set the tone for educational philosophy and concrete school reforms. The psychological side of learning is the foundation for everything, and the sociological side helps students build upon their knowledge. Dewey felt that education must focus on the child as a whole because society will not always agree on where the student is needed. Education is the process of living, not preparation for future living. As such, a school should be a reflection of the student’s home life. The method is focused on the child’s powers and interests and is based on the student’s transformation of information into new forms, images, and symbols. Dewey believes that schools are the means of social reconstruction. Education, therefore, is the most fundamental method of social reconstruction for progress and reform. In 1919, the Progressive Education Association, founded by Stanwood Cobb and others, conducted an eight-year study that compared students who graduated from progressive schools to students at traditional schools. By mid-century, progressive education was adopted by most public-school programs, and practitioners began to vary how they applied progressive principles. In 1963, the Great Society was implemented, and federal funds were used to reform public schools. The No Child Left Behind Act was passed in 2002. Progressive schools saw a decline in the mid-to-late 1960s. Several factors led to the decline: demographics, the economy, the end of the Vietnam War, co-optation, centralization, and interpersonal dynamics. Alfie Kohn, a leading defender of the progressive tradition, argues that the No Child Left Behind Act has led to the founding of an unprecedented number of independent schools. The curriculum in progressive education is flexible and encourages students to use a variety of activities to learn. Progressive schools saw a decline in the mid-to-late 1960s.
ARTICLE 1: PROGRESSIVE EDUCATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY: THE ENDURING INFLUENCE OF JOHN DEWEY AUTHOR: Alan R. Sadovnik DATE: November 7, 2017
PROGRESSIVE EDUCATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY: THE ENDURING INFLUENCE OF JOHN DEWEY | The Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era | Cambridge Core
ARTICLE 2: “The Debate between Traditional and Progressive Education in the Light of Special Education”
AUTHOR: Naglaa Mohamed
DATE: February 2018
Microsoft Word – Progressivism, traditionalism, and special education.docx