Watch “Colors of the Sun” Note: Use the old version–produced by the

May 6, 2022
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Watch “Colors of the Sun” Note: Use the old version–produced by the Stanford Solar Center and Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Lab. Do not view the Williams College production. http://solar-center.stanford.edu/activities/

Question 1 (3 points)

 

1. List three points you learned from the watching this video. (3 points)

Question 1 options:

Question 2 (1 point)

 

Information

View in the content area the power point – SunLab 1-WhatWattage!

 

Describe the difference between brightness and luminosity.

Question 2 options:

1) 

these terms are interchangeable as they describe the same property of light

2) 

Luminosity is the amount of energy received while brightness is the amount produced

3) 

brightness is the amount of energy received while luminosity is the amount produced

4) 

brightness is a constant value while luminosity changes with distance 

Question 3 (1 point)

 

In order to determine the sun’s luminosity, we must know

Question 3 options:

1) 

the size of the sun.

2) 

the size of the earth.

3) 

the distance from the earth to the sun.

4) 

the amount of hydrogen in the sun.

Question 4 (1 point)

 

Saturn is 10 times farther from the Sun than is the Earth.  From Saturn the Sun would appear

Question 4 options:

1) 

100 times brighter than from the Earth.

2) 

10 times brighter than the Earth.

3) 

the same brightness as from the Earth.

4) 

10 times dimmer than from the Earth.

5) 

100 times dimmer than from the Earth.

Question 5 (1 point)

 

The man is reading a newspaper by the light of a single candle 5 feet away.  How many candles would be needed to light up the paper to same brightness, if the candle holder were moved 10 feet from the paper? 

Question 5 options:

1) 

1 candle

2) 

2 candles

3) 

3 candles

4) 

4 candles

5) 

More than 4 candles

Question 6 (3 points)

 

If a 400 watt lamp equals the brightness of the Sun at 2 feet, what is the power of the Sun in watts?

Given:  Earth-Sun distance:  50 x 1010 feet.  Show work for credit (3 points) 

Question 6 options:

Paragraph

Question 7 (1 point)

 

The sun generates its energy from the process of ________.  Protons are combined under core conditions of _____ pressure and _____ temperature to produce _____ and _____.

Question 7 options:

1) 

fusion, high, low, helium, energy

2) 

fusion, high, high, helium, energy

3) 

fusion, low, high, carbon, energy

4) 

fusion, high, high, carbon, neutrons

Question 8 (1 point)

 

The fusion reaction counterbalances the desire of gravity to crush the star. In addition the fusion reaction creates:

Question 8 options:

1) 

greater chemical complexity-a new heavier element is produced

2) 

greater chemical complexity-a lighter element is produced

3) 

only neutrinos as a byproduct of this nuclear reaction 

4) 

the latter part of the above statement is incorrect-it is a fission reaction

Question 9 (1 point)

 

The chemical composition of the Sun 3 billion years ago was different from what it is now in that it had

Question 9 options:

1) 

more hydrogen.

2) 

more helium.

3) 

more nitrogen.

4) 

molecular hydrogen.

Question 10 (1 point)

 

Given that 1 Joule is the energy required to lift a small apple one meter straight up or the energy released as heat by a person at rest every 1/60th of a second, each individual proton-proton reaction releases a:

Question 10 options:

1) 

very large quantity of energy

2) 

very small quantity of energy

Question 11 (1 point)

 

Usually solar neutrinos are detected by observing Cherenkov Radiation in very large tanks of water. This form of radiation results when a:

Question 11 options:

1) 

neutrino gives an electron energy that causes it to move faster than light that is passing through with the result of a weak glow that can be detected

2) 

neutrino gives an electron energy that causes it to move slower than light that is passing through with the result of a weak glow that can be detected

3) 

neutrino gives an proton energy that causes it to move faster than light that is passing through with the result of a weak glow that can be detected

4) 

neutrino gives an proton energy that causes it to move slower than light that is passing through with the result of a weak glow that can be detected 

Question 12 (1 point)

 

Scientist estimate that the sun will shine for over _________ years over its lifetime.

Question 12 options:

1) 

10 million

2) 

100 million

3) 

10 billion

4) 

100 billion

Question 13 (1 point)

 

Compositionally the living cell mimics the:

Question 13 options:

1) 

elements of the earth

2) 

elements of the universe 

View in the content area the power point -Sun Lab 2-General Information

Question 14 (1 point)

 

Most people say the sun is an average star. Is it true that the sun is an average star?

Question 14 options:

1) 

Yes

2) 

No

Question 15 (1 point)

 

Compared to the Sun, most other stars in the Milky Way Galaxy are

Question 15 options:

1) 

as small relative to the Sun as they appear in the sky.

2) 

smaller.

3) 

about the same size.

4) 

much larger. 

Question 16 (1 point)

 

Specific evidence for our Sun’s being unusual is cited in the power point. What is unusual about its composition? It contains significantly more:

Question 16 options:

1) 

aluminum 

2) 

carbon

3) 

helium

4) 

hydrogen

5) 

oxygen

Question 17 (1 point)

 

For regions close to the thermonuclear burning core, which of these mechanisms is important inside the Sun?

Question 17 options:

1) 

conduction

2) 

radiation

3) 

convection

Question 18 (1 point)

 

Which of the features listed below is not associated with sunspots?

Question 18 options:

1) 

They appear to be magnetic storms in the photosphere

2) 

They are elevation depressions as measured relative to an average level in the photosphere

3) 

They are hotter than the surrounding photosphere

4) 

Prominences erupt from the vicinity of sunspots

Question 19 (1 point)

 

The Voyager 1 spacecraft has crossed into an area where the velocity of the hot ionized gas, or plasma, emanating directly outward from the sun has slowed to zero. Scientists suspect the solar wind has been turned sideways by:

Question 19 options:

1) 

the pressure from the interstellar wind in the region between stars

2) 

shock wave blasts from former stars that have exploded in the past

3) 

the gravitational attraction of nearby stars

4) 

small grains of sand that have been found in the vacuum of space

Question 20 (1 point)

 

Without the magnetic field,

Question 20 options:

1) 

the ozone layer would be stripped away

2) 

carbon dioxide would be more dominant in our atmosphere

3) 

the lighter gases would have higher probability of being lost to space

4) 

the heavier gases would have higher probability of being lost to space

Question 21 (1 point)

 

Only earth has aurora

Question 21 options:

1) 

True

2) 

False

Question 22 (1 point)

 

The two forms of solar radiation that reach the surface of the earth are:

Question 22 options:

1) 

light and gamma rays

2) 

light and ultraviolet

3) 

light and sound

4) 

light and radio

Question 23 (1 point)

 

The two main “windows” in the Earth’s atmosphere that astronomers can use are in the visual and radio bandpasses.  This is mostly because other wavelengths suffer from excessive

Question 23 options:

1) 

interference.

2) 

reflection.

3) 

absorption.

4) 

refraction.

Question 24 (1 point)

 

Sky color is an interaction between the energy from the sun and our atmosphere. When the sun or moon are low near the horizon they appear reddish in color. This happens because:

Question 24 options:

1) 

the light must pass through less atmosphere and the red light reaches our eyes in greater quantity than other wavelengths (colors) of light

2) 

the light must pass through more atmosphere and the red light reaches our eyes in greater quantity than other wavelengths (colors) of light

3) 

our eyes are more sensitive to red light

4) 

sky color is really a relationship between the angle of the sun and how it reflects of the oceans of the earth 

Web Site: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rltpH6ck2Kc

What If The Sun Disappeared?

Question 25 (1 point)

 

Is the gravitation attraction of the sun upon you at this moment: 

Question 25 options:

1) 

strong

2) 

weak

Question 26 (1 point)

 

Would the reflected light from the other planets “snuff out” instantaneously? That is would they immediately become invisible to us on earth? 

Question 26 options:

1) 

Yes

2) 

No

3) 

Maybe

Question 27 (1 point)

 

In the first days (nights) of this catastrophe would there be any source of natural light on our planet? 

Question 27 options:

1) 

Yes

2) 

No

3) 

Maybe

Question 28 (1 point)

 

Photosynthesis would quickly come to a halt. Calculations suggest that our oxygen supply would than only last for: 

Question 28 options:

1) 

a few days

2) 

a few weeks

3) 

tens of years

4) 

hundreds of years

5) 

thousands of years

Question 29 (1 point)

 

Within a year would the average surface temperature of the earth still be hospitable for humans?

Question 29 options:

1) 

Yes

2) 

No

3) 

Maybe

Question 30 (1 point)

 

Within 10-20 years what will happen to the atmosphere? 

Question 30 options:

1) 

it will all have evaporated

2) 

it will have all been consumed by living plant and animals

3) 

it will have condensed down to the surface of the earth

4) 

it will have been blown away earlier by the solar wind

Question 31 (1 point)

 

After a few decades, will our watery world have any liquid water left at all?

Question 31 options:

1) 

Yes

2) 

No

3) 

Maybe

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