Class Assignment Chapter 7 (30 points)<\/p>\n
Names ___________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n
1. For this section, identify whether each of these is: A = argument from analogy; B = an analogy that isn\u2019t an argument.<\/p>\n
a. Too much sun will make your face leathery. It will have the same effect on your hands_____<\/p>\n
b. Working in this office is like driving around Florida without air conditioning ______<\/p>\n
c. Yamaha makes great motorcycles. I\u2019ll bet that their pianos are pretty good, too ______<\/p>\n
d. I love washing dishes like I love cleaning the bathroom _______<\/p>\n
e. Bears are dangerous, and if you get too close, you can lose it all. The same holds true of bear markets. In the presence of bear markets, the thing to do is the same as when you are in the presence of a real bear. Run! _____<\/p>\n
In each item, identify the primary analogue, the conclusion analogue and the attribute of interest<\/p>\n
a. Everyone agrees that it\u2019s a good thing auto insurance is mandatory; why would it be different with health insurance..<\/p>\n
Premise analogue ______________________ Conclusion analogue_______________________<\/p>\n
Attribute of interest______________________________________________________________<\/p>\n
b. The Greek economy collapsed because of all the government pensions. If it happened there, it could happen here. <\/p>\n
Premise analogue______________________ Conclusion analogue ______________________<\/p>\n
Attribute of interest_____________________________________________________________<\/p>\n
3. For three years, Kirk has tried to grow artichokes, and each time his crop has been ruined by mildew. Bill encourages him to try one more time, and Kirk says he will despite the fact that he thinks, \u201cThis is probably a waste of time. Mildew is likely to ruin this crop, too.\u201d How should each of the following suppositions affect Kirk\u2019s confidence that mildew will ruin this crop, too? (MAKE IT STRONGER, MAKE IT WEAKER, LEAVE IT UNCHANGED)<\/p>\n
a. This year Kirk plants the artichokes in a new location ____________________________________________________<\/p>\n
b. On the past 3 occasions Kirk planted his artichokes at different times of the growing season._____________________<\/p>\n
c. This year Bill plants marigolds near the artichokes ______________________________________________________<\/p>\n
d. The last three years were unusually cool. _____________________________________________________________<\/p>\n
e. Only 2 of the last 3 earlier crops were ruined by mildew _________________________________________________<\/p>\n
f. One of the earlier crops grew during a dry year, one during a wet year and one during an average year._____________<\/p>\n
g. This year, unlike the preceding three years, there is a solar eclipse _________________________________________<\/p>\n
h. This year, Bill and Kirk get a large dog. ______________________________________________________________<\/p>\n
i. This year Kirk tries a new irrigation system __________________________________________________<\/p>\n
4. For the following items, classify each as either A (confusing effect with cause); (B) a case in which an implied cause and an implied effect are really the effects of an underlying cause; and (C) a legitimate cause and effect.<\/p>\n
a. Maybe the reason he\u2019s sick is because of all the aspirin he\u2019s taking _______<\/p>\n
b. Sarah\u2019s sleep was interrupted all night by barking dogs; now she\u2019s all cranking and tired ______. <\/p>\n
c. What explains the violence in society today? It\u2019s all the violence on TV and in movies these days. __________<\/p>\n
5. Identify which of the following are deductive arguments and which are inductive.<\/p>\n
a. Joe\u2019s fingerprints were on the letter opener that was used to kill Bill. Furthermore, Bill was killed in the office he shares with Joe and Joe has the key. Clearly, Joe killed Bill. _____________________<\/p>\n
b. Either Joe or Jim killed Bill. Both shared an office with him. But whoever ran off with Bill\u2019s secretary could NOT have killed him. Since Jim ran off with the secretary, Joe had to have killed Bill. _____________________________<\/p>\n
c. The picture he drew has only three sides, so he didn\u2019t draw a square. ____________________<\/p>\n
d. Outlawing guns reduce gun deaths in Australia; therefore it would do the same thing here. ______________________<\/p>\n
6. Indicate whether the follow arguments are deductive or inductive. If deductive, is it valid or invalid, sound or unsound? If it is inductive, is it weak or strong?<\/p>\n
a. Burglars are people who like your belongings and so they break into your house and steal them. When we catch them, we put them in jail for breaking the law. Illegal immigrants are just the same. They break into this country and steal our education, healthcare, benefits, etc. They should be caught and sent to jail, too. <\/p>\n
DEDUCTIVE INDUCTIVE<\/p>\n
Valid invalid weak strong<\/p>\n
Sound Unsound<\/p>\n
b. (All) Italians are pale and blonde. Heidi Klum is Italian. Therefore, she is blonde and pale.<\/p>\n
DEDUCTIVE INDUCTIVE<\/p>\n
Valid invalid weak strong<\/p>\n
Sound Unsound<\/p>\n
c. The brains of rats raised in an enriched environment with a variety of toys and puzzles weigh more than the brains of rats raised in a more barren environment. Therefore, the brains of humans will weigh more if humans are placed in intellectually stimulating environments.<\/p>\n
DEDUCTIVE INDUCTIVE<\/p>\n
Valid Invalid Weak Strong<\/p>\n
Sound Unsound<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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