13<\/p>\n
1<\/p>\n
Technology and Ethics of Applied Behavior Analysis<\/p>\n
Student 1.03 ABA CE2<\/p>\n
Department of Psychology, Purdue University Global<\/p>\n
PS 600: Comprehensive Exam<\/p>\n
Dr. Kelly Hudson<\/p>\n
July 13, 2021<\/p>\n
Technology and Ethics of Applied Behavior Analysis<\/p>\n
In every profession, codes of conduct should be adhered to to ensure ethical behavior among the practitioners. Behavior analysis is one such field that calls for adherence to set ethical principles, mainly due to the sensitivity of the profession. Behavior analysts follow the ethical codes stipulated in the Behavior Analyst Certification Board (BACB), which was revised in 2014 (Rosenberg & Schwartz, 2019). As a reinforcement to the BACB compliance codes, behavior analysts are also required to consider ethics codes formulated by (Bailey & Burch, 2016), which are vital in ensuring that clients receive excellent treatment from behavior analysts. Especially since these clients have developmental issues and may not be able to defend themselves in case of mistreatment, however, aspects present in the environment may cause them to compromise the ethics required. One such aspect is the emerging technological innovations that have generated a significant impact on behavior analysis. As a result of technology, behavior analysts can deliver services faster and through more avenues, as stated by (Kazemi & Ramirez, 2018). This, however, may have a negative impact where ethical principles are compromised. Therefore, every analyst must ensure that technology implementation does not cause them to forget the required ethical principles. This paper seeks to analyze the adherence of the ethical tenets amidst advanced technology. The analysis will be done by using two case scenarios to understand the technology effects better.<\/p>\n
BACB Ethical Codes<\/p>\n
BACB is a non-profit organization that provides certification requirements that behavior analysts should meet to get the certification. BACB ethical codes were formulated to set professional standards for all behavior analysts to ensure clients’ protection. According to the BACB Board (2014), there are ten major BACB ethical codes, each broken down into smaller sub-sections that are easy to comprehend. The first code is responsible conduct of behavior analysts, which calls for analysts to maintain high standards of behavior in their profession. These include reliance on scientific knowledge, integrity, professional and scientific relationships, among others. The second code is behavior analysts’ responsibility to clients, which requires behavior analysts to act in the client’s best interest. It involves, among others, third-party involvement, rights, and prerogative of clients, maintaining confidentiality, and maintaining records. The third code is assessing behavior, where assessment techniques are used for intended purposes. It involves behavior-analytic assessment consent, explaining assessment results, consent-client records, and medical consultation. The fourth code is behavior analysts and behavior-change program, which calls for behavior analysts to take charge and responsibility on all the behavior-change programs they work on, right from the conceptual stage to completion or discontinuation. They include involving clients in planning and consent, avoiding harmful reinforces, discontinuing programs, and conceptual consistency, among others (BACB, 2014)<\/p>\n
The fifth BACB ethics code addresses behavior analysts as supervisors, where they are required to take full responsibility for all aspects of acting as a supervisor. The sixth code pertains to the\u00a0Behavior analysts’ ethical responsibility to the profession of behavior analysis, where they are obliged to the job and science of behavior. The seventh code shows behavior analyst’s responsibility to colleagues where they are required to be aware of the ethical obligations while working with colleagues from any profession. The eighth code is the public statement, which calls for behavior analysts’ adherence to moral codes when making public statements in the behavior analysis profession. The ninth code is on behavior analysts and research, which guides how to research within the work. The last code is the ethical responsibility of behavior analysts to the BACB, which requires each behavior analyst to adhere to the BACB ethics code. These codes can be best understood when explained through a real-life scenario, as discussed in the below case studies. Okay\u2014this is useful background information\u2014but you don\u2019t apply it to the case study. This would be more relevant if you compared and contrasted the ethical codes to other associations (rubric item 1), identified any conflicts, etc. Missing this piece impacts your first rubric item of 67 points.<\/p>\n
Case Study A<\/p>\n
The first scenario is about the family of Reynold, where services provide to their child, Sally, and her parents. Sally’s mother wishes to have us share therapy and analysis progress via technological platforms, including Facebook and Instagram. Several ethical considerations are evident in this scenario. One BACB code of ethics maintains records (cite number), which falls under the primary code of behavior analyst’s responsibility to clients. The regulation requires a behavior analyst to maintain appropriate confidentiality in creating, accessing, keeping, and transferring clients’ records to maintain. The clients’ data must not be exposed to third parties without their consent. The use of social media has been on the rise recently and has enhanced communication. Security features have also been enhanced to communicate with another person without other people accessing or intruding on their conversation through end-to-end encryption techniques (Pearson et al., 2011). Is this a mix of info you found from Pearson or is some of it extracted from the code? Be clear. As such, the idea of Sally’s mother that we should share analysis progress via Facebook and Instagram is not against ethical principles. Are you saying it isn\u2019t against BCBA to share client progress on social media? In fact, this is a violation if the role of the therapist is divulged on social media.<\/p>\n
Additionally, it will ease the provision of virtual services, especially once the provider travel. Finally, the decision will enable the provider to practice and prepare to conduct online services. Having undertaken the in-person analysis for over a year, doing online research should be easy. I think you have missed the key concern here. There are serious concerns in the case study regarding protecting the confidentiality of client identity, and whether it remains an issue after therapist no longer provides services. (It could be \u2013 especially if mom tries to attain \u201cprofessional advice\u201d from therapist via social media after professional relationship has ended)\/\u00a0 Best practice \u2013 explain all potential confidentiality issues and limitations on relationship with family before accepting request once completion of services are finalized).\u00a0 Therapist should NOT accept prior to completion of services.<\/p>\n
Another BACB ethical code is on interrupting or discontinuing service, which also falls under the behavior analyst’s responsibility. Behavior analysts should work in the client’s best interest and supervisee to avoid service interruption or discontinuation. The behavior analyst should not abandon the client or supervisee without a proper transition arrangement, suggesting alternate service providers. Provider scheduled for relocation from the state, meaning the therapy giving to Sally and the parental training to her parents will be interrupted. The BACB compliance codes require that a transition plan that will guarantee the client of continued services. Unfortunately, no other behavior analyst is currently available who can take over once the provider is gone. Citations?<\/p>\n
Additionally, the family is fond and comfortable with provider work, meaning adjusting to a different person will be difficult. However, there is hope that the services can be delivered through online platforms. Sally’s idea of using social media to share Sally’s treatment progress will set the starting point for online services.\u00a0 Again, there are multiple ethical challenges presented here that I think you missed. See 1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 2.06, 2.07, 2.08, 6.01, 8.04<\/p>\n
Ethical Codes in Case Study A<\/p>\n
The case scenario calls for applying several ethical codes outlined by Bailey and Burch (2016). These principal codes enable analysts to make the right decisions. The first ethic code is to ensure that no harm is caused to the client. ABA provider has become an essential part of Reynold’s family from the case study, meaning the family appreciates the work done. This means that the therapist has not caused any harm to the family, especially their daughter Sally. No occurrence or changes in therapist life should therefore harm them. However, therapist relocation from their region means that family may be unhappy. Accordingly, as a compliant analyst, prepare the family for relocation on time to ensure that they do not cause them any harm. The second code of ethics evident benefits others, as cited by (Cooper et al., 2020). Every behavior analyst must ensure that other people get to benefit from their services. The study case shows that the family benefited from the services since, besides the therapy given to Sally, her parents also get training on how to treat and handle her.\u00a0\u00a0Unclear<\/p>\n
Conflicting Considerations within the BACB Compliance Codes<\/p>\n
Behavior analysts may sometimes find themselves in a dilemma regarding adhering to BACB compliance codes and other ethical codes in the medical field, such as American Psychological Association (APA) moral codes and principles (Poling et al., 2012). This means that there will be a conflict between the considerations that an analyst must take and whatever is stipulated in BACB codes. What are some of these conflicts? In the interruption and discontinuation of services clause, a behavioral analyst must act in the client’s best interest to avoid interruption. An analyst, being human, may at times be faced with circumstances that cause interruption of services, such as sudden illness. Some areas have insufficient behavior analysts, meaning hand over to another person is not practical. That means the services will be discontinued or halted till a suitable solution is found. From the case scenario, relocation meaning the services offered will be disrupted unless the family agrees to online service delivery. Having been an integral part of the family, the therapist confident that they will agree to the online services, mainly because Sally’s mother already knows about online platforms.<\/p>\n
One critical ethical issue that is likely to be infringed in the online analysis is confidentiality. Online platforms have security enhancements, but they cannot be wholly trusted with confidential information. Furthermore, they are prone to hacking, meaning one’s information can be leaked to the public. Nevertheless, the use of online platforms is almost inevitable since the advantages exceed the disadvantages. Another crucial ethic principle is on the media presentation and media-based services. A behavior analyst must acquire and maintain knowledge on the security and limitations of the electronic medium used. It is, therefore, important that first get to fully understand the security involved in both Facebook and Instagram platforms. Another aspect is that the client needs to be notified whenever a behavior analyst is experiencing anything that may affect service delivery and give consent to ensure that the client is comfortable with the analyst’s decision. Such occurrences include relocation, illness, and lack of sufficient funding or natural calamities. In the case study, service delivery will be interrupted due to relocation. Therefore, Reynold’s family will be notified about relocation and give them the option of continuing with therapy via online platforms, preferably the two that Sally’s mother had chosen. This reads as personal opinion\u2014there are no scholarly references cited here. Make sure to integrate scholarly research into your analysis. <\/p>\n
Actions limiting Ethical Considerations.<\/p>\n
Behavior analysts sometimes find themselves in situations that give them little or no room to apply ethical considerations (Rosenberg & Schwartz, 2019). For example, from case study A, ABA providers have become a crucial part of Reynold’s family, meaning prone to manipulation since the therapist would not want to hurt them or destroy the already good rapport among the family. Thus, when Sally’s mother asks to send and receive photos of her daughter via online platforms, the therapist is torn between accepting to please her and refusing to comply with field ethics. In BACB compliance, a behavior analyst should not share any identifying information, whether in written text, videos, audios, or photographs, about their clients on social media platforms (according to what specific codes?). Thus, the request by Sally’s mother that to share her daughter’s pictures via Facebook and Instagram is a violation of the BACB compliance codes\u2014right\u2014but you implied it was okay earlier and that it would aid in relocation of services. Make sure you are consistent.. To solve this dilemma, educate her on the need to reduce sharing of confidential information via social media platforms and suggest more secure options such as personal emails.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Actions Alleviating Ethical Considerations<\/p>\n
Not all times are behavior analysts faced with limiting factors that compromise their ethical codes. In some cases, actions that promote adherence to moral principles occur. From the case scenario under study, the provider will be relocating from the state in about two months, meaning the services rendered to Reynold’s family will be interrupted. The BACB compliance codes require a transition plan to ensure that relocation does not harm the client. The action by Sally’s mother, requesting us to use Facebook and Instagram, is a leeway for the provider to introduce the idea of telehealth services, which will enable us to provide therapy to the family even when out of the state. The argument presented by Sally’s mother is an indication that she embraces the use of modern technology.<\/p>\n
Case Study B<\/p>\n
The second case is about a child named Harry, diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Oppositional Defiance Disorder. Due to the long distance between the rural area where the boy lives and the analysis agency, telehealth support is the only possible aid, thanks to technological advancement. Cottrell and Russell (2020) defined telehealth as providing health services through online platforms, meaning there is no face-to-face interaction. It is suitable where the health service provider cannot meet the client or patient in person, due to various reasons such as long distances, as with the case of Harry. For telehealth services to take place, there must be the proper infrastructure to aid in communication. Internet connection, for instance, is a primary requirement as it facilitates communication. Electronic equipment such as cell phones and computers are also required. Telehealth services provisions are beneficial in that they need lower costs to both the analyst and the client. The client does not incur travel costs, while the analyst does not have to put up expensive service offices. It also saves travel time and is real-time, meaning a client does not need to queue for hours as they wait to be served (Bieber & Weiner, 2018).<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Pollard et al. (2017) outlined some steps to act as guidance when starting teleservices. The first step is to determine regulations in the locality, such as the country’s governing medical Board. The second step is to agree on the scope of services to be offered. Telehealth needs to have a goal and have in place the services that will be provided. The third step is acquiring the equipment to be used and attaining necessary training on their operation. The most appropriate equipment, in this case, is laptops, mobile phones, and internet connection. Fourth, it is essential to come up with a procedure for conducting the simple behavioral analysis service. The last step is to make clients aware of the existence of telehealth services. Approaches such as advertisements are necessary to create awareness. This procedure is worth following as it is one way of observing ethical guidelines. One moral principle that is likely to be ignored in telehealth service is non-compliance with local regulations. Last half of this paragraph lacks citation. If you are still citing from Pollard et al\u2014clarify it with an end citation.<\/p>\n
Besides the BACB and ethical codes, conducting telehealth services also requires compliance with rules and regulations of other agencies that may indirectly be involved with the services offered. Such agencies include health insurance providers. It is necessary to liaise with the client’s insurance provider to know the extent to which they are willing to assist in financing the client’s treatment. Insurance providers also have guidelines on how clients’ data and health records are stored and shared (Gupta et al., 2020). Governments also have regulations on how telehealth services should be rendered. The government has to ensure that citizens get good health care. For this reason, it has to ensure that the health services offered are of desired quality and that citizens are not exploited.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Compliance Codes in Case Study B<\/p>\n
BACB compliance codes are supposed to be observed by every behavior analyst whenever they render services to clients, regardless of the service delivery means used. The goal of behavior analysts is to ensure that they satisfactorily meet clients’ needs as they adhere to the set code of conduct. Telehealth services are no exception in adherence to these codes, and to a substantial extent, a keener observance of the regulations is required. Planning and implementing telehealth services calls for adherence to several principles: professional and scientific relationships, responsibility to all parties involved, third party involvement, clients’ rights, confidentiality, behavior analytic assessment consent, and conforming to laws and regulations. <\/p>\n
The first BACB code evident in case study B is professional and scientific relationships, falling under the responsible conduct of behavior analyst’s primary code of responsible conduct. It calls for behavior analysts only to provide services in cases clearly defined as professional or scientific (Costello & Fuqua, 2017). This means that services should be offered to follow guidelines, such as using the correct language that clients can fully understand without distorting any information. The analyst should provide the client with information on the service to be rendered before commencing, and in the end, give clear information on the results obtained. In telehealth service delivery, the client can share documents or audios with the relevant contents. Professional relationships also require a behavior analyst to have acquired sufficient training and experience in the services to be rendered. If the behavior analyst is not conversant with the problem that ails a client, then they should refer them to a more qualified person to ensure the client obtains the desired service. A behavior analyst observing professionalism will also not let personal problems interfere with their work. Telehealth services should also be done with the same professionality that applies to in-person treatment.<\/p>\n
The second BACB compliance code relevant to the case study is under the behavior analyst’s responsibility to the client, which is clients’ rights and prerogatives. A client has a right to get the behavior analyst’s qualifications and credentials whenever needful. This is because a client may want to be sure that the person they are dealing with is qualified to deliver the services required. In telehealth services, where the client does not physically meet the analyst, they have a right to do criminal background checks for the behavior analyst. One crucial aspect of the clients’ rights code is that the client can acquire information on reporting any mistreatment or unprofessionalism to the relevant authority. The behavior analyst must therefore share the complaint reporting procedure with the client. This is an immense privilege to the client as they are assured of good treatment from the behavior analyst. When delivering services on telehealth, some behavior analysts may be tempted to treat the clients inappropriately since they do not meet face-to-face. Still, fortunately, they are bound by the presence of rights and prerogative to clients’ code.<\/p>\n
Third-party involvement is another vital BACB compliance code to consider when conducting telehealth services, which is also under the behavior analyst’s responsibility. In most cases, clients to telehealth services refer to someone who may know the client, meaning they are a third party. BACB compliance codes require the behavior analyst to put the client’s care above all other parties and resolve any conflicts brought in by the third party. The client is a minor, as is the case with Harry in the case study. The behavior analyst should ensure that the parent is informed of the nature of service that the child will receive and provide them with all the necessary records on the treatment. When a third party is involved, confidentiality is compromised since the party is not aware of the importance of confidential information. The behavior analyst has to educate the party on the need to uphold confidentiality to ensure that the client is not exposed to the public against their wish. Harry, being only six years old, cannot make decisions independently, nor can he determine the kind of help he may need. In this case, his mother, regarded as the third party, will be required to make relevant decisions regarding Harry’s treatment.<\/p>\n
The fourth BACB compliance code, evident in the case study, still under the behavior analyst’s responsibility to the client, maintains confidentiality. Tariq and Hackert (2018) defined confidentiality as the act of ensuring information does not get known to people who are not supposed to know. The medical conditions or status must be kept confidential unless a patient decides to share with the public. Every behavioral analyst has to take necessary precautions to protect the confidentiality of the people they work with, especially their clients. Whether from a client or a colleague in the behavior analysis field, all confidential information obtained must be used for a professional relationship only and not for personal gain. To ensure that confidentiality is not violated, behavioral analysts should limit sharing of confidential information that can be used to identify someone via social media platforms. These platforms are prone to hacking and may lead to the public’s leakage of sensitive information or data. Some clients may not be aware of the need for confidentiality. Behavioral analysts are mandated to discuss the confidentiality matter with clients before service delivery begins. From the case study, Harry’s mother, being in the rural area, may not fully understand the need for keeping her son’s treatment confidential. Provider needs to discuss the need for confidentiality at the start and in the course of the treatment. One danger of sharing confidential information is that the patient is likely to be discriminated against by other people, either at the moment or in the future. This is partially responsive, however, there are additional Confidentiality \u2013 especially due to electronic transmission of information<\/p>\n
1. Treatment \u2013 is Tele-treatment appropriate given the behaviors and the circumstances? Student should present an argument for this, potentially (but not mandatory) considering risk\/benefit analysis. 2. Assessment of behaviors \u2013 students should consider that a face to face assessment should be completed to eliminate specific barriers associated with distance treatment? <\/p>\n
Ethical Codes in Case Study B<\/p>\n
Bailey and Burch (2016) discussed several ethical codes to ensure behavior analysts do not mistreat behavior analysis clients. In study B, a behavior analyst can apply several ethical principles to ensure that the client receives the services smoothly. One such ethics code is that of care and compassion. The situation at Harry’s family shows a great need for help. The struggle of a mother with a child suffering from ADHD and Oppositional Defiance Disorder and a three-year-old baby to look after will draw any behavior analysts’ sympathy, hence the need to provide the appropriate care. A second ethic that is evident is the need to accord dignity. The family’s current status strips them of their dignity, mainly due to the behavior of Harry. That allows to accord dignity to the family as a behavior analyst, despite the long distance between them and the agency.<\/p>\n
Conflicting Considerations within the BACB Compliance Codes<\/p>\n
In some cases, it becomes impossible to adhere to all these principles in contrast with the reality of telehealth services. One such principle is the assessment of the client’s progress. In this case, there may be problems in assessing the client thoroughly due to limitations involved in communication via media instead of in-person contact. The behavior analyst may, therefore, not be able to evaluate the client satisfactorily. BACB codes also require that a behavior analyst maintains confidentiality. Clients who require behavioral analysis, in most cases, are dependent on someone else since their conditions may not befit them of decision making. As such, third parties have to be involved. That means that confidentiality is not guaranteed since the third parties are not the analysts and are not bound to any ethical codes. What about:<\/p>\n
1.0 Responsible Conduct of the Behavior Analyst, emphasizing 1.03, 1.04 (c,d,e)<\/p>\n
2.0 Responsibility to the Client, emphasizing 2.01,2.02, 2.03, 2.05, 2.06, 2.07, 2.08, 2.09, 2.11<\/p>\n
3.0 Assessment<\/p>\n
8.0 Media Presentations and Media-Based Services, emphasizing\u00a0<\/p>\n
HIPPA Compliance Regulations \u2013 encrypted media tools for confidentiality<\/p>\n
American Psychological Association \u2013 Guidelines for the practice of Telepsychology\u00a0 http:\/\/www.apapracticecentral.org\/ce\/guidelines\/telepsychology-guidelines.pdf<\/p>\n
Limitations in Case Study B<\/p>\n
In the case study, the patient is uncontrollable and does not comply with anything he is supposed to do. Behavior analysis will be no different, meaning he will also not willingly accept the video conferences used to treat him. Therefore, be required to go the extra mile to entice him into getting help, which is not easy but will be driven by compassion for the family. Since Harry’s mother is physically living with him, and will also train her to handle the child as the treatment progresses. The family is also located in rural areas where internet connectivity is not very good, meaning interruptions when carrying out video conferencing. Possible inferior electronic gadgets on the client’s side, coupled with user challenges, are also potential sources of disruption. The client first needs to train on using the equipment for teleconference safely (Quigley et al., 2019). Whenever internet connection is poor, we can switch to telephone calls, though they may not be as helpful as video conferencing.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Actions that would Alleviate Ethical Concerns<\/p>\n
Telehealth services can, in most cases, be as good as in-person services if correctly done. With the rise of pandemics, such as coronavirus, telehealth services are the most suitable solution to behavior analysis, thus ensuring that behavior analysts do not cause any harm regarding the pandemic. However, patients, especially those in the rural areas, as is the case with Harry, miss out on the much-needed services due to long distances to where behavioral analysts can be accessed. In other situations, behavioral analysts are few and cannot sufficiently meet the needs of clients. The rise of telehealth services overcomes these boundaries, enabling behavioral analysts to complete the necessary ethics code of benefiting others (Harkey et al., 2020). More expansion needed here<\/p>\n
Conclusion<\/p>\n
Technology advancement has made the present world very dynamic. Actions that seemed impossible years ago are now very possible with just a click of a button. Every industry should join the technology race by adopting emerging technology ideas. Behavior analysis is one field that seemed impossible to conduct virtually without meeting physically with the client. Today, behavior analysts can provide the services through modern technology, basically called telehealth service. Patients can now get behavior analysis services from the comfort of their homes, no matter the distance between them and the behavior analysts. Just like face-to-face services, telehealth services call for adherence to BACB compliance codes. Unfortunately, due to the difference in service rendering methods, some codes contradict, while others inhibit service delivery. Fear of the consequences that come with non-compliance with the regulations, behavioral analysts find it difficult to deliver telehealth services smoothly. Therefore, there is a great need to reconsider some principles and modify them to accommodate the new technology. That way, behavior analysts will be able to deliver telehealth services smoothly.<\/p>\n
References<\/p>\n
Bailey, J., & Burch, M. (2016).\u00a0Ethics for behavior analysts. Routledge.<\/p>\n
Behavior Analyst Certification Board. (2014).\u00a0Professional and Ethical Compliance Code for Behavior Analysts.<\/p>\n
Bieber, S. D., & Weiner, D. E. (2018). Telehealth and home dialysis: a new option for patients in the United States.\u00a0Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology,\u00a013(8), 1288-1290.<\/p>\n
Cooper, J. O., Heron, T. E., & Heard, W. L. (2020).\u00a0Applied Behavior Analysis\u00a0(3rd ed.). Pearson Education, Inc.<\/p>\n
Costello, M. S., & Fuqua, R. W. (2017). Considering contingencies of gambling research in conjunction with the behavior analyst certification board professional and ethical compliance code.\u00a0Analysis of Gambling Behavior,\u00a011(1), 1.<\/p>\n
Cottrell, M. A., & Russell, T. G. (2020). Telehealth for musculoskeletal physiotherapy.\u00a0Musculoskeletal Science and Practice,\u00a048, 102193.<\/p>\n
Gupta, A., Nguyen, A. M., Chang, J. E., Lai, A. Y., Berry, C., & Shelley, D. R. (2020). Five ways\u2014beyond current policy\u2014to truly integrate telehealth into primary care practices.\u00a0Health Affairs Blog. September\u00a09.<\/p>\n
Harkey, L. C., Jung, S. M., Newton, E. R., & Patterson, A. (2020). Patient satisfaction with telehealth in rural settings: a systematic review.\u00a0International journal of telerehabilitation,\u00a012(2), 53.<\/p>\n
Kazemi, E., & Ramirez, V. (2018). Technology and behavior analysis: The past and potential future.\u00a0Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice,\u00a018(3), 275.<\/p>\n
Pearson, S., Mont, M. C., Chen, L., & Reed, A. (2011, November). End-to-end policy-based encryption and management of data in the cloud. In\u00a02011 IEEE Third International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science\u00a0(pp. 764-771). IEEE.<\/p>\n
Poling, A., Austin, J. L., Peterson, S. M., Mahoney, A., & Weeden, M. (2012). Ethical issues and considerations. In\u00a0Functional assessment for challenging behaviors\u00a0(pp. 213-233). <\/p>\n
Pollard, J. S., Karimi, K. A., & Ficcaglia, M. B. (2017). Ethical considerations in the design and implementation of a telehealth service delivery model. Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice, 17(4), 298\u2013311.<\/p>\n
Quigley, S. P., Blevins, P. R., Cox, D. J., Brodhead, M. T., & Kim, S. Y. (2019). An evaluation of explicit ethical statements in telehealth research with individuals with an autism spectrum disorder.\u00a0Behavior Analysis: Research and Practice,\u00a019(2), 123.<\/p>\n
Rosenberg, N. E., & Schwartz, I. S. (2019). Guidance or compliance: What makes an ethical behavior analyst?\u00a0Behavior Analysis in Practice,\u00a012(2), 473-482.<\/p>\n
Rosenberg, N. E., & Schwartz, I. S. (2019). Guidance or compliance: What makes an ethical behavior analyst?.\u00a0Behavior Analysis in Practice,\u00a012(2), 473-482.<\/p>\n
Tariq, R. A., & Hackert, P. B. (2018). Patient confidentiality.<\/p>\n
PS507 #2 Grading Rubric<\/p>\n
% – Points<\/p>\n
Your Score<\/p>\n
Course Content<\/p>\n
Student compares and contrasts the ethical codes and guidelines across different psychological and medical associations related to social media and telehealth services.<\/p>\n
Identifies any conflicts that may exist across the guidelines, and explains how such issues might affect one\u2019s determination on making an ethical decision on these cases.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Supports discussion with both peer-reviewed literature and relevant documentation from coordinating agencies.<\/p>\n
0-67<\/p>\n
40<\/p>\n
Partially addressed. More expansion of the bulleted items is required.<\/p>\n
Student identifies the ethical concerns presented in Scenario A, and outlines the relevant ethical codes and principles related to these concerns.\u00a0<\/p>\n
0\u201340<\/p>\n
30<\/p>\n
Student does not include the specific codes and misses several of the codes that apply to this first case. See 1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 2.06, 2.07, 2.08, 6.01, 8.04<\/p>\n
Student clearly addresses the following related to Scenario A:<\/p>\n
Identifies potential conflicting considerations that may\u00a0 exist within the\u00a0 BACB Compliance Code.<\/p>\n
Identifies the actions that would limit or alleviate ethical concerns within the case and provides a reasonable resolution to the ethical problem.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n
Provides a clear and comprehensive rationale grounded in the specific Codes and Principles to support the statements.\u00a0<\/p>\n
0-60<\/p>\n
40<\/p>\n
Not fully addressed. There are no specific conflicting ethical considerations noted. The section on alleviating ethical concerns needs expansion. <\/p>\n
Student identifies the ethical concerns presented in Scenario B, and outlines the relevant ethical codes and principles related to these concerns.<\/p>\n
0-40<\/p>\n
\u00a030<\/p>\n
Not fully addressed. Individual ethical codes not cited by number. Missing codes include:<\/p>\n
1.0 Responsible Conduct of the Behavior Analyst, emphasizing 1.03, 1.04 (c,d,e)<\/p>\n
2.0 Responsibility to the Client, emphasizing 2.01,2.02, 2.03, 2.05, 2.06, 2.07, 2.08, 2.09, 2.11<\/p>\n
3.0 Assessment<\/p>\n
8.0 Media Presentations and Media-Based Services, emphasizing\u00a0HIPPA Compliance Regulations \u2013 encrypted media tools for confidentiality<\/p>\n
American Psychological Association \u2013 Guidelines for the practice of Telepsychology\u00a0 http:\/\/www.apapracticecentral.org\/ce\/guidelines\/telepsychology-guidelines.pdf<\/p>\n
Also, student did not support discussion with Core Ethical Principles, which may include Do No Harm, Respecting Autonomy, Benefitting Others, Being Just, Being Faithful, According Dignity, Treating Others with Care and Compassion, Pursuit of Excellence, & Accepting Accountability (Bailey & Burch, 2016)<\/p>\n
Student clearly addresses the following related to Scenario B:<\/p>\n
Identifies potential conflicting considerations that may\u00a0 exist within the\u00a0 BACB Compliance Code and other agencies\u2019 guidelines (APA, AMA, etc.) for telehealth.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n
Identifies the actions that would limit or alleviate ethical concerns within the case and provides a reasonable resolution to the ethical problem.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n
Provides a clear and comprehensive rationale grounded in the specific Codes and Principles to support the statements.\u00a0<\/p>\n
0-60<\/p>\n
30<\/p>\n
Not fully addressed. There are no specific conflicting ethical considerations noted. The section on alleviating ethical concerns needs expansion. <\/p>\n
Writing Mechanics<\/p>\n
Includes a clear, concise introduction (ending in a solid thesis statement), complete paragraphs, and a final conclusion. Uses correct grammar, spelling, and punctuation following Standard American English guidelines; free of typographical errors.\u00a0 Provides a clear and logical order of presentation where ideas transition from one topic to the next reflecting a scholarly tone. Meets the minimum page length requirement, not including the title page or reference page. (10 \u2013 15 pages)<\/p>\n
0 \u2013 33<\/p>\n
25<\/p>\n
Good start with your thesis and intro. You started off well with the structure and flow of your analysis. In your attempts to be clear and concise, you missed the detail required of some of the rubric items (identifying specific conflicting codes, addressing the specific ethical codes that apply by number, etc.). A few minor typos. The paper can be improved by adding the detail where required and I think the overall structure of the paper will still work.<\/p>\n
APA Style<\/p>\n
Proper use of APA style. Title page, headings, in-text citations, and reference page are formatted correctly containing no errors.\u00a0 Integrates the appropriate number of primary, peer-reviewed academic sources to support conclusions (minimum seven (7)).\u00a0 Primarily student’s own words paraphrased correctly with direct quotes used sparingly.<\/p>\n
0 \u2013 33<\/p>\n
25<\/p>\n
A few minor formatting issues throughout. A few areas where the work is not cited.<\/p>\n
Total<\/p>\n
0\u2013333<\/p>\n
220\u2014Needs Revision<\/p>\n
An explanation of where the Assignment could be strengthened will be included with your grade.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
13 1 Technology and Ethics of Applied Behavior Analysis Student 1.03 ABA CE2 Department of Psychology, Purdue University Global PS 600: Comprehensive Exam Dr. Kelly Hudson July 13, 2021 Technology and Ethics of Applied Behavior Analysis In every profession, codes of conduct should be adhered to to ensure ethical behavior among the practitioners. Behavior analysis […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[10],"class_list":["post-89009","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-research-paper-writing","tag-writing"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89009","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=89009"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89009\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89009"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=89009"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=89009"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}