Hypothesis and Predictions<\/p>\n
Experimental Design<\/p>\n
Interpreting Data<\/p>\n
Hypothesis (Alternative)<\/p>\n
Explanatory – testable, falsifiable statement that explains observed phenomenon
Generalizing – statement that describes an observed pattern in nature<\/p>\n
Example: Plants require nutrients for growth. <\/p>\n
Null Hypothesis (HO) \u2013 Hypothesis that there is no significant effect, difference, or trend. The opposite of the alternative hypothesis. <\/p>\n
Plants do not require nutrients for growth. <\/p>\n
Rejecting the null hypothesis means that the alternative hypothesis is correct.<\/p>\n
Prediction – measurable event that will happen as a result of an experiment if the hypothesis is valid (if..then)<\/p>\n
If plants are given fertilizer, which contains the nutrient, nitrogen, then they will grow taller and faster than plants grown without fertilizer.<\/p>\n
Independent Variable \u2013 The actual thing that you are testing and changing across your experimental groups, also called the \u201cmanipulated variable.\u201d <\/p>\n
Fertilizer (nitrogen) is the independent variable.<\/p>\n
Dependent Variable \u2013 The response to your independent variable, this is sometimes called the \u201cresponding variable.\u201d <\/p>\n
Growth of plants (height) is the dependent variable. <\/p>\n
Control Group \u2013 The group that does not receive an experimental change or treatment. This is to determine if the independent variable actually causes a difference. Not all experiments have a control group. <\/p>\n
The control group consists of plants not given fertilizer. <\/p>\n
1. Describe trends or relationships <\/p>\n
2. Summarize data.<\/p>\n
3. Make sure that what you state is actually what the data shows.<\/p>\n
4. Statistical analysis may be needed (standard deviation, T test, chi square) to disprove the null hypothesis. <\/p>\n
Graphs and Tables<\/p>\n
Conclusions<\/p>\n
Graphs should have:<\/p>\n
Descriptive title<\/p>\n
Labels on X and Y axis, include units<\/p>\n
Consistent scales (5,10,15,20)<\/p>\n
Large enough scales to clearly see trends <\/p>\n
Data tables should have:<\/p>\n
Labeled columns\/rows<\/p>\n
Units shown<\/p>\n
*Labs can be messy, most scientists keep a lab notebook for sketches, notes, and data collection. Final lab reports and publications have a formal version of these notes and data. <\/p>\n
This is where you make inferences about what the data means, or tie the experiment to broad scientific principles. Refer back to your original hypothesis and state whether you accept or reject the hypothesis based on your data. \ud83d\udc49 Avoid using the word \u201cprove\u201d in your analysis. <\/p>\n
Your conclusion can also include suggestions for future research or experiments, and reflections about the design or your experiment and how it could be improved. <\/p>\n
www.biologycorner.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Hypothesis and Predictions Experimental Design Interpreting Data Hypothesis (Alternative) Explanatory – testable, falsifiable statement that explains observed phenomenon Generalizing – statement that describes an observed pattern in nature Example: Plants require nutrients for growth. Null Hypothesis (HO) \u2013 Hypothesis that there is no significant effect, difference, or trend. The opposite of the alternative hypothesis. Plants […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[10],"class_list":["post-96683","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-research-paper-writing","tag-writing"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96683","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=96683"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96683\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=96683"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=96683"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/papersspot.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=96683"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}