1. Stated in a sentence or two, for each example below, indicate whether or not the inferences made in the examples represent deductive or inductive reasoning. Be sure to present your answers in an organized manner and provide a complete explanation for your choice (i.e. why is it deductive or inductive?).
a) A pollster interviews 2500 randomly chosen US adults and finds that 69 percent favor of capital punishment. He concludes that 69 percent of the US adult population favors capital punishment.
b) The presence of others strengthens people’s dominant (prevalent or most likely) responses. If the dominant response is correct, people will perform better in the presence of an audience than when they perform alone. This is called the “social facilitation effect.” Assuming these statements are true, it can be stated that good pool players will make a higher percentage of their shots when an audience is watching them when compared shooting pool by themselves.
c) Research with University of Hawaii students found that women, Asians, and students living at home we less likely to smoke marijuana than men, non-Asians, and students not living at home, respectively. Noting that each of the former groups has more to lose (e.g., is likely to experience more disapproval) from smoking marijuana, the researcher concluded that the more social constraints a student has, the less likely he or she will smoke marijuana.
As always, you must meet the requirements stated in the assignment guidelines to receive full credit.