One of the ways that racial bias
manifests itself in the United States is a belief that white individuals are
more intelligent. On a recent survey, interviewers were asked to rate the
skin tone of respondents on a scale from 1 to 10 (where higher numbers are
associated with darker skin). Interviewers were also asked to rate the
intelligence of respondents. Do interviewers associate skin tone with racial
bias? How much variance is explained by skin tone?