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Annotated Bibliography: Threat of AI
Ahuja, Abhimanyu. The impact of artificial intelligence in medicine on the future role of the physician. PeerJ. 2019;7:e7702. Published 2019 Oct 4. Available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6779111/
Ahuja provides an analysis of the impact of AIs in medicine and the role of physicians in the future of the industry. The author acknowledges that there has been a significant increase in AI technology in critical areas of medicine such as radiology, cardiology, and ophthalmology. Drawing on data from databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, the author considers whether AIs will replace human physicians in some crucial medical areas or enhance their role without replacing them. Considering the numerous qualitative and quantitative data assessed, the author suggests that AI will augment physicians’ roles by eliminating some of their engagements. Ahuja sees AIs support of the physicians as an opportunity for improving the contact between physicians and patients. Moreover, the future of the relationship between AI technology and medicine is becoming more interconnected by the day. Data retrieved from medical schools reveal that students are now learning more about data management than the previous years.
Cellan-Jones, Rory, “Stephen Hawking warns artificial intelligence could end mankind.” BBC News, 2014. Available at https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-30290540
Rory Cellan-Jones, a technology correspondent reporter for BBC, articulates Stephen Hawking’s warning concerning how AIs could end humanity following an Interview with Britain’s pre-eminent scientist. The information that Cellan-Jones provides in the article is crucial in understanding why the continual face-lifting of the primitive forms of AIs developed before the 21st Century will contribute to the end of the human race. Based on the interview, Cellan-Jones records that humans continued participation in revamping the primitive AIs to the point that they will match or surpass human intelligence will be the beginning of the end. The machine will not only operate by itself, but it will also be improving its nature speedily that humans might fail to comprehend and correct. There is much uncertainty in the development of AIs that people are beginning to be anxious about the technology. A good example in explaining Hawking’s theory of AIs is the humans’ desire to build robots that can undertake tasks done by humans. There is fear that soon, the robots might re-design and end humankind.
Geisel, Ann. The Current And Future Impact Of Artificial Intelligence On Business. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 7. 5 (2018). Available at https://www.ijstr.org/final-print/may2018/The-Current-And-Future- Impact-Of-Artificial-Intelligence-On-Business.pdf
Understanding the impact of AI intelligence is the chief focus of this research. In the article, Geisel uses her knowledge of AIs to bring light to the threats that AI may cause on various business operations. The key areas where contemporary businesses have used AI technology include identifying trends in the market and creating insight using a company’s database. Currently, the use of AI is growing at a faster rate than most companies can stand. Geisel believes that the speedy growth of the technology in marketing, sales, and general management of businesses worldwide is at risk of the threats of AIs. Her research concludes that there are two critical threats of AIs understandable using Hintze’s four types of AIs. Her assessment of texts makes her conclude that the main threat of AI technology is the existence of an untrustworthy programmer focused on deviously programming AIs. Another threat is the AIs may decide to include destructive means in completing tasks.
Isgin, Kieran. “Can Artificial Intelligence be dangerous? New research reveals almost 3 million people think so.” Manchester Evening News, 2021, Available at https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/uk-news/can-artificial-intelligence- dangerous-new-21203427
Manchester Evening News is a renowned news platform in Britain and some parts of the globe. Several people depend on the platform for information that matters in human society, like the increasing rise of AIs in different countries of the globe. Drawing on data collected from Google Search Trends and Linkfluence, Isgin says that Ebuyer has proven that around 3 million people located in various states worldwide have investigated the technology’s negative sides. The author suggests that the high number of people searching for threats raises two critical threats of the technology. The immediate threat is the possibility that a programmer builds a malicious AI. Building a malicious AI is a threat to human existence as Isgin thinks it may trigger an ‘AI war’ that might endanger all humans. Another suggestion is the fear that AIs may lack compassion while doing tasks.
Tai, Michael. “The impact of artificial intelligence on human society and bioethics.” Tzu Chi Med J. 2020;32(4):339-343. Published 2020 Aug 14. Available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7605294/
As a professor in the Department of Medical Sociology and Social Work, Michael Cheng-Tek Tai draws from his research to explain the impacts that Artificial Intelligence (AI) has on human society. With a central focus on the technological advancement witnessed in the 21st Century, he has uncovered that AI impacts human society and raises critical concerns for bioethics. Tai has a unique interest and analysis of how various AIs affect each sector of human society. As a professor of Medical Sociology and Social Work, he confirms that AI has had significant changes in human society’s economic, social, and industrial sectors. The benefits of having AIs are already evident in transportation, healthcare, and social segments of human life. Despite such apparent benefits that support the need, Tai feels that humans must regulate the type of information they inject into the AIs. He insists that machines are machines, and their correlation with bioethics is something that the world must approach with extreme caution.