Running head: OBESITY
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OBESITY
Obesity
FirstName LastName
University title
Blüher, M. (2019). Obesity: global epidemiology and pathogenesis. Nature Reviews
Endocrinology, 15(5), 288-298. doi: 10.1038/s41574-019-0176-8
The article by Bluher mainly seeks to discuss the prevalence of obesity in the world for
the past fifty years. It points out how obesity is the most health challenge since it
increases the risk of contracting other conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, stroke
and cancer. Additionally, the author connects the disease to other external factors such as
lack of unemployment, reduced social-economic activity and social disadvantages.
Different prevention strategies to reduce the rate of obesity are also discussed in the
article. The article also points out the increased prevalence of obesity in countries
across the globe and illustrates how the change in the global food system together with
the sedentary behavior has been the main drivers of the disease.
Blüher, M. (2020). Metabolically Healthy Obesity. Endocrine Reviews, 41(3). doi:
10.1210/endrev/bnaa004
The article mainly strives to create a distinction betweenmetabolically healthy obesity
(MHO) and unhealthy obesity. Through research and observation, the article illustrates
that individuals with MHO have a low risk of developingcardiometabolic abnormalities
unlike individuals with unhealthy obesity. The article also points out that lipid
metabolism and normal glucose are the main parameters that should be used in
diagnosing MHO. Additionally, the article points out the advantages of MHO as lowering
ectopic fat, beta-cell function, increased insulin sensitivity and cardiorespiratory fitness.
However, despite the advantages of MHO, the article recommends that it should also be
given special attention.
Chooi, Y., Ding, C., & Magkos, F. (2019). The epidemiology of obesity. Metabolism, 92, 6-10.
doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.09.005
This article explains the epidemiology of obesity in the world since 1980. Through a
detailed research study, the article gives several conclusions about the condition. An
explanation on how obesity has increased in both sexes, different geographical localities,
ethnicities and social-economic statuses have been discussed in the article. However, the
article makes an exception on how the prevalence of the disease varies, where
developed countries have recorded low rates than developing countries and older people
and women have recorded high rates of the disease. Additionally, the article illustrates
how the Body Mass Index (BMI) is used to determine obesity in epidemiological studies
in as much as it has a low sensitivity. Moreover, the article concludes by recommending
that special attention be dedicated to the management of obesity and come up with
interventions for control and management.
De Lorenzo, A., Gratteri, S., Gualtieri, P., Cammarano, A., Bertucci, P., & Di Renzo, L. (2019).
Why primary obesity is a disease?. Journal of Translational Medicine, 17(1). doi:
10.1186/s12967-019-1919-y
The main aim of this article is to explain why obesity is a disease through different
scientific reviews. It defines obesity as a chronic inflammatory disease with a
multifactorial pathology. It further gives the aggravating consequences of the disease and
points out the importance of diagnosing the disease at an early stage for easy treatment
and control of other diseases such as cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
Additionally, the article recommends the Body Mass Index (BMI) as the most suitable
tool for assessing body fat and controlling it to reduce chances of contracting the obesity
disease. Moreover, the article also encourages the adoption of all necessary possible
strategies that can combat obesity and reduce the treatment and social costs of obesity.
Ward, Z., Bleich, S., Cradock, A., Barrett, J., Giles, C., & Flax, C. et al. (2019). Projected U.S.
state-level prevalence of adult obesity and severe obesity. New England Journal of
Medicine, 381(25), 2440-2450. doi: 10.1056/nejmsa1909301
The article’s main aim is to project the prevalence level of severe and adult obesity in the
US by the year 2030. The study incorporates the estimate and self-reporting methods to
come up with different results and conclusions. BMI data of adults that took part in the
survey is presented and later analyzed. The results indicate that by 2030, nearly one in
two individuals will be having obesity and the prevalence rate will not be less than 50%
in all the states. Additionally, the results also indicate that more women and low-income
adults will be at a high risk of contracting the disease. Moreover, the article concludes by
giving different recommendations that will help in reducing the risk of the increasing
levels of obesity among Americans.