This Assignment covers information from Chapters 13, 14, 15, 16, and 18.
Instructions:
Read each scenario. Respond to the questions that follow.
Text book Powers SK & Howley ET. Exercise Physiology: Theory and Application to Fitness and
Performance (11h edition). New York: McGraw-Hill, 2021.
ISBN : 9781265057749
QUESTION 1
1. For the next section, use the information below to answer questions regarding body composition
and health.
You will need the following information and table to answer these questions:
Questions:
● 1. Which of these individuals has the highest BMI, and what is it?
● 2. Who has the highest percent body fat, and what is it for both Siri and Brozek equations?
● 3. Describe how you may interpret the health status of Female 1 based on his BMI, Db, and Body
composition, and explain your interpretation.
● 4. Is Female 3 healthy based on BMI and Body composition (yes/no for each), and why (give the
values and respective ranges for health.
● 5. Are any of these individuals underweight by BMI or body composition? Also, who is the
leanest individual?
BMI=kg/m2
Db = Body density
Males: Db ( Σ 3) = 1.10938 – (0.0008267 x Σ 3) + (0.0000016 x ( Σ 3)2) – (0.0002574 x age)
Women: Db ( Σ 3) = 1.0994921 – (0.0009929 x Σ 3) + (0.0000023 x ( Σ 3)2) – (0.0001392 x age)
Σ3 = sum of chest, abdomen, and thigh for males
Σ 3 = sum of triceps, suprailium, and thigh for females
% Body Fat = {(4.95/ Db) – 4.50} x 100 (Siri equation, 1961).
% Body Fat = {(4.57/ Db) – 4.142} x 100 (Brozek equation, 1963).
Question 2
Imagine an individual who has been training for a half marathon. They have performed 5 sessions each
week of at an intensity of 50-60% of maximal aerobic capacity for 45-60 minutes. The individual has been
following this for about 4 months and has seen some improvements in performance and increased
maximal aerobic capacity.
1. At this point in the individual’s training, what physiologic components of our Fick Equation are primarily
responsible for this improvement in maximal aerobic capacity.
List:
● 1. what has changed within the Fick equation and
● 2. what has caused these changes?
2. Following training sessions, what are the Primary and Secondary signals within the individual’s
skeletal muscles induced by aerobic exercise, and what changes do each of these lead to?
QUESTION 3
1. The same athlete as above competes in their half marathon and does fairly well. However, they
want to continue to improve, and so they increase their exercise intensity to account for their
improved VO2max, and continues to train for the next 2.5 years (increasing intensity as
necessary to achieve overload). Their Maximal aerobic capacity continues to improve.
1. What physiologic components of our Fick Equation are primarily responsible for this
improvement in maximal aerobic capacity (over this second, longer period of time), and what
caused these changes?
2. Now that the individual has been exercising consistently for quite some time, what aspects of
their health may have been improved relative to another (sedentary) individual (think about Chp.
14: CVD, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome and the way exercise affects some of their risk
factors)